| 1 |
History, definitions, and concepts in landscape ecology |
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| 2 |
Composition, structure and function of landscapes |
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| 3 |
Scale and hierarchy |
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| 4 |
Heterogeneity and landscape patterns |
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| 5 |
Factors creating patterns in landscapes |
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| 6 |
Measuring patterns in landscapes |
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| 7 |
Continuity in landscapes |
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| 8 |
Dynamics of interventions in landscapes |
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| 9 |
Meta-population theory |
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| 10 |
The role of human in creating and influencing patterns and processes |
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| 11 |
Landscapes and ecosystem services |
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| 12 |
Protective ecology in landscapes |
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| 13 |
Natural and agricultural landscapes |
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| 14 |
Landscape management for agricultural development |
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| 15 |
The necessity of landscape modeling |
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| 16 |
Conclusion |
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